\(M=\dfrac{a\sqrt{a}-b\sqrt{b}-a\sqrt{a}+a\sqrt{b}+b\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}\\ M=\dfrac{a\sqrt{b}+b\sqrt{a}}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}\\ M=\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\)

\(\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)+2\sqrt{ab}=1\\ \Leftrightarrow1-a-b+ab+2\sqrt{ab}=1\\ \Leftrightarrow a+b-ab-2\sqrt{ab}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2=ab\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}=\sqrt{ab}\\\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}=-\sqrt{ab}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Với \(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}=\sqrt{ab}\Leftrightarrow M=\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{ab}}=1\)

Với \(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}=-\sqrt{ab}\Leftrightarrow M=\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}}{-\sqrt{ab}}=-1\)

\(M=\dfrac{a\sqrt{a}-b\sqrt{b}-a\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)+b\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{a\sqrt{b}+b\sqrt{a}}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\)

\(\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)+2\sqrt{ab}=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a+b-ab-2\sqrt{ab}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2=ab\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}=\sqrt{ab}\)

\(M=\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{ab}}=1\)

\(A=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{ab}}:\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{ab}}\right)^2-\dfrac{a+b}{\left(\sqrt{a}-b\right)^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{ab}}.\dfrac{ab}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}-\dfrac{a+b}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{ab}}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}-\dfrac{a+b}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}\)

\(==\dfrac{-\left(a-2\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}=\dfrac{-\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}=-1\)

\(\dfrac{9\sqrt{5}+3\sqrt{27}}{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}}=\dfrac{9\sqrt{5}+9\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}}=\dfrac{9\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\right)}{\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}}=9\)

b. 

\(=\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}.\sqrt{\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)}+\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}.\sqrt{\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)}\)

\(=\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}.\sqrt{9-5}+\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}.\sqrt{9-5}\)

\(=\sqrt{12-4\sqrt{5}}+\sqrt{12+4\sqrt{5}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{2}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}\)

\(=\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{2}=2\sqrt{10}\)

c.

\(\dfrac{a-\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{b}}:\dfrac{\sqrt{b}}{a+\sqrt{b}}=\dfrac{\left(a-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\sqrt{b}.\sqrt{b}}=\dfrac{a^2-b}{b}\)

Lời giải:
\(a+b+c=\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}=2\)

\(\Rightarrow (\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c})^2=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c+2(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac})=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}=\frac{4-(a+b+c)}{2}=1\)

\(\Rightarrow a+1=a+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}=(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c})\)

Tương tự:

$b+1=(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c})(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a})$
$c+1=(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a})(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{b})$

Khi đó:

\(A=\left[\frac{\sqrt{a}}{(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c})}+\frac{\sqrt{b}}{(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{a})(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c})}+\frac{\sqrt{c}}{(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a})(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{b})}\right]\sqrt{(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)}\)

\(\frac{\sqrt{a}(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c})+\sqrt{b}(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a})+\sqrt{c}(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})}{(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c})(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a})}.\sqrt{(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})^2(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c})^2(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a})^2}\)

\(=\frac{2(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca})}{(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c})(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a})}.(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c})(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a})\)

\(=2(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac})=2\)

\(P=\left(\dfrac{3\sqrt{a}}{a+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{b}}-\dfrac{3a}{a\sqrt{a}-b\sqrt{b}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\right):\dfrac{\left(a-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}{2a+2\sqrt{ab}+2b}\left(đk:a\ne b,a\ge0,b\ge0\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{3a-3\sqrt{ab}-3a+a+\sqrt{ab}+b}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{b}\right)}.\dfrac{2\left(a+\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}{\left(a-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{a-2\sqrt{ab}+b}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}.\dfrac{2}{\left(a-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2.2}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2\left(a-1\right)}=\dfrac{2}{a-1}\in Z\)

\(\Rightarrow a-1\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{-2;-1;1;2\right\}\)

Do \(a\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow a\in\left\{0;2;3\right\}\)

Ta có: \(P=\left(\dfrac{3\sqrt{a}}{a+\sqrt{ab}+b}-\dfrac{3a}{a\sqrt{a}-b\sqrt{b}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\right):\left(\dfrac{\left(a-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}{2a+2\sqrt{ab}+2b}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{3a-3\sqrt{ab}-3a+a+\sqrt{ab}+b}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a+\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}\cdot\dfrac{2\left(a+\sqrt{ab}+b\right)}{\left(a-1\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}\cdot\dfrac{2}{a-1}\)

\(=\dfrac{2}{a-1}\)

Để P là số nguyên thì \(a-1\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2\right\}\)

hay \(a\in\left\{2;0;3\right\}\)

câu a ở phần mẫu của cụm đầu tiên cái \(\left(\sqrt{a+\sqrt{b}}\right)^2\rightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2\) giúp em với ạ ( em cảm ơn )

a

\(=\dfrac{a-2\sqrt{ab}+b+4\sqrt{ab}}{a+2\sqrt{ab}+b-4\sqrt{ab}}.\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}\\ =\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}.\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}\\ =\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2.\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2}\\ =\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^3}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^3}\)